The 2023 Confronting Climate Change (CCC) industry benchmark process builds on 2021 – 2022 datasets and provides a meaningful platform for the South African fruit and wine industries to improve their understanding of the use of fossil fuel-based resources and to reduce emissions over time. The eleven years of combined season data (2011 – 2022) for wine grapes were used for the assessment and analysed based on the following business boundaries: farm, winery and distribution. The farm and winery boundaries are presented in this report.
